Eingemeindung

Eingemeindung is the legal process by which a municipality loses its independent status and becomes part of another municipality or city. The area remains territorial, but administrative responsibilities are transferred to the larger entity. In Germany, Eingemeindung is governed by state (Länder) municipal laws and may involve voluntary agreements between municipalities or compulsory actions under territorial reform. Typically, the process requires decisions by the councils of the involved municipalities and, in many cases, approval by higher authorities or a referendum by residents.

The consequences include the dissolution of the former municipality's council and mayor, the transfer of administration (planning, schools, waste management, utilities, and other services) to the new municipality, and a consolidation of budgets and governance. Property and obligations are transferred as well, and the new municipality defines local taxation and service charges. Representation in the larger municipal council is adjusted accordingly.

Reasons for Eingemeindung include efficiency of administration, cost savings, demographic changes, and urban expansion planning. It is often part of broader territorial reforms aimed at creating larger, financially robust municipalities. Opponents argue that it erodes local identity and democratic participation; supporters emphasize improved service delivery and planning capability.

In other German-speaking countries, the term is used similarly, though the specific legal framework varies. See also municipal reform, city expansion, and inter-municipal cooperation.