Egypte

Egypte is a country located in northeastern Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula extending into Asia. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Libya to the west, and Sudan to the south. The Nile River runs through the country, creating a fertile delta in the north and arid regions elsewhere. The capital and largest city is Cairo, a major political, economic, and cultural center.

Historically, Egypt hosts one of the world's oldest continuous civilizations, centered on the Nile and known for its pharaonic monuments and temples. After periods of foreign rule, Islam became the dominant religion following the Arab conquests in the medieval era. In the modern era, Egypt developed into a sovereign state, undergoing constitutional and political changes in the 20th and 21st centuries, and establishing a republic after a revolution in the mid-20th century. The country maintains a standing government with a president and a prime minister, and a unicameral legislature.

Economically, Egypte has a diversified economy that includes services, industry, agriculture, and energy. The Suez Canal is a key source of revenue from global maritime traffic. The country is also involved in petroleum and natural gas production, textile and other industries, and tourism, which centers on ancient sites such as the pyramids, temples, and historic cities along the Nile. Population is concentrated along the Nile and in urban areas, with Egyptian Arabic as the common vernacular and Islam the largest religion, alongside a Coptic Christian minority.

Egypt participates in regional and international organizations, including the Arab League and the African Union, and continues to address development, governance, and social challenges within a dynamic political environment.