EORI

EORI stands for Economic Operators Registration and Identification number. It is an identification number used by customs administrations within the European Union to track and register traders engaging in customs activities. The EORI system is designed to simplify and standardize the handling of customs declarations, import and export procedures, and related formalities across the EU.

Who needs an EORI

Traders who import or export goods to or from the EU, or who perform customs-related activities within EU territory, typically require an EORI number. This includes manufacturers, wholesalers, freight forwarders, exporters, and importers. In some cases, individuals carrying out customs declarations on behalf of a business may also need an EORI. The number serves as a unique identifier across EU member states.

Registration procedure and validity

An EORI is issued by the customs authority of the member state where the business is established or registered. Registration is usually completed online through the national customs portal, with information about the business and its activities. Once issued, the EORI number is valid across all EU member states and is used for all customs declarations and related procedures.

Format and usage

An EORI number typically begins with a two-letter country code followed by a unique sequence of digits. Examples include GB123456789, DE123456789, or FR123456789. In the EU, the same EORI number is used by the trader across all member states for customs procedures. For non-EU traders or for those moving goods to the EU, an EORI number issued by an EU member state is required to submit customs declarations within the EU.

Brexit-related note

After Brexit, UK-established traders may require both a UK EORI (starting with GB) for UK customs and an EU EORI (issued by an EU member state) to conduct customs formalities with the EU.