E325

E325 is the European food additive code for sodium lactate, a salt formed from lactic acid and sodium. It is one of several lactate salts used in foods, with sodium lactate (E325) being the most common. In foods, E325 acts mainly as an acidity regulator and buffering agent, helping to control pH, and as a humectant that retains moisture. It can also contribute to preservation by offering mild antimicrobial properties in some applications.

Sodium lactate is produced commercially by neutralizing lactic acid with sodium-containing reagents, such as sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, typically derived from fermentation processes. The resulting compound is a white, water-soluble powder or liquid used across a range of products.

Regulatory status for E325 is broad or global. In the European Union, it is approved as a food additive under regulatory frameworks such as Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 and is listed in the relevant food-additive catalogs. In other jurisdictions, sodium lactate is commonly permitted as a food additive and is identified by the same code in many labeling systems. Codex Alimentarius standards also recognize its use in foods.

Safety and dietary considerations are generally favorable; E325 is regarded as safe for the general population. However, because it is a sodium salt, it contributes to total sodium intake, which may be a consideration for individuals on sodium-restricted diets. As with other additives, use levels are subject to regulatory limits and labeling requirements.