E134

E134, also known as sodium alginate, is a food additive classified as an emulsifier. It is derived from brown seaweed and is commonly used in the food industry to improve texture, stability, and shelf life of various food products. Sodium alginate is a polysaccharide, a type of carbohydrate, and it is composed of alginic acid, which is extracted from seaweed. The primary function of E134 in food is to thicken and stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. This is achieved through the formation of a gel-like structure that encapsulates the oil droplets, preventing them from coalescing and separating. E134 is widely used in the production of dairy products, such as ice cream and yogurt, as well as in the preparation of sauces, dressings, and baked goods. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory authorities in many countries, including the United States and the European Union. However, like all food additives, the use of E134 is subject to regulation and labeling requirements to ensure consumer safety and transparency.