Détaché

Détaché is a string playing technique that involves playing each note separately and distinctly. The term comes from the French word for "detached," which accurately describes the sound produced. Unlike legato, where notes are smoothly connected, détaché emphasizes the individual articulation of each tone.

There are several ways to execute détaché, primarily differing in the bow stroke used. The most common form is performed with a straight bow that moves away from the frog towards the tip, or vice versa, in a continuous motion. The bow is lifted very slightly between notes to create a clear separation, but not so much that it interrupts the flow entirely. Another variation is the "flying" or "tirando" détaché, where the bow is lifted more significantly between notes, resulting in a more pronounced separation. A third type is "heavy" or "spiccato" détaché, which involves a bouncing bow stroke, creating a lighter, more detached sound, though spiccato is often considered a distinct technique in its own right.

Détaché is a fundamental technique used across various musical genres, from classical to folk music. It allows for clarity and precision in melodic lines and rhythmic passages. Composers often indicate détaché in their scores, but it is also frequently implied by the musical context when a clear, non-legato articulation is desired. Mastering détaché is crucial for developing a versatile and expressive string technique.