Durchflussmaschinen

Durchflussmaschinen, also known as fluid machinery, are devices that transfer energy to or from a moving fluid by mechanical means. This energy transfer can result in a change in the fluid's pressure, velocity, or flow rate. They are broadly categorized into two main types: turbomachines and positive displacement machines.

Turbomachines utilize rotating elements to transfer energy. Pumps, turbines, and fans are common examples. In a pump, mechanical energy is used to increase the fluid's pressure and/or velocity. A turbine, conversely, converts the kinetic or potential energy of a fluid into mechanical energy. Fans are similar to pumps but typically operate with gases at lower pressure differences.

Positive displacement machines operate by trapping a fixed volume of fluid and then forcing or displacing it into a higher pressure region. Examples include reciprocating pumps, gear pumps, and screw pumps. These machines are characterized by a nearly constant flow rate, independent of the discharge pressure, up to a certain limit.

The selection of a Durchflussmaschine depends on various factors, including the fluid properties, desired flow rate, pressure requirements, and efficiency considerations. They are fundamental components in numerous industries, powering processes in sectors such as water supply, power generation, chemical processing, and transportation. Understanding their principles is crucial for designing and optimizing many engineering systems.