DreiPunktBiegeprüfungen

DreiPunktBiegeprüfungen, also known as three-point bending tests, are a fundamental method in materials science and engineering for determining the mechanical properties of a material, particularly its flexural strength and stiffness. This test involves placing a specimen on two supports and applying a load at a single point precisely in the middle of the span between the supports. The specimen is typically prismatic or cylindrical.

The applied load causes the material to bend. The maximum bending stress occurs at the top and bottom surfaces of the specimen at the point of load application, while the maximum bending strain is also found there. By precisely measuring the applied load and the resulting deflection (the amount the specimen bends), engineers can calculate the material's modulus of rupture, which is its ultimate tensile stress in bending. Furthermore, the initial slope of the load-deflection curve provides the flexural modulus, a measure of the material's stiffness in bending.

DreiPunktBiegeprüfungen are widely used for a variety of materials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, and composites. The simplicity of the test setup and the clear interpretation of the results make it a common choice for quality control, material characterization, and research and development. Factors such as the specimen's geometry, the distance between the supports (span length), and the rate at which the load is applied can influence the test outcome and must be carefully controlled. This test is crucial for understanding how materials behave under bending loads, which is relevant in many engineering applications.