Diverzifikáció

Diverzifikáció, also known as diversification, is a strategy used to manage risk by spreading investments across a variety of assets, industries, or other categories. The primary goal of diversification is to reduce the impact of any single investment's poor performance on the overall portfolio. This is achieved by allocating investments in such a way that the overall risk is minimized, as the performance of one investment is likely to be offset by the performance of another.

There are several types of diversification. Asset diversification involves spreading investments across different types of assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities. Industry diversification involves investing in a variety of industries to reduce the risk associated with any single industry's poor performance. Geographic diversification involves investing in different regions or countries to mitigate the risk of a single market's downturn.

Diversification can be achieved through various methods, including passive and active management. Passive management involves investing in a broad market index, which aims to replicate the performance of the market as a whole. Active management, on the other hand, involves selecting individual investments based on the manager's analysis and judgment.

While diversification can help manage risk, it is not a guarantee against losses. It is important to note that diversification does not eliminate risk; it only reduces it. Additionally, diversification can lead to lower returns compared to investing in a single asset, as the overall portfolio is spread across many different investments.

In conclusion, diversification is a key strategy in investment management that aims to reduce risk by spreading investments across various assets, industries, or regions. While it can help manage risk, it is important to understand that it does not eliminate risk and may lead to lower returns.