Divertiküloz

Divertiküloz is a common condition characterized by the presence of diverticula, which are small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of the digestive system. These pouches typically develop in the colon, particularly in the sigmoid colon. Diverticula are thought to form when increased pressure within the colon causes weakened areas of the intestinal wall to bulge outward. While the exact cause is not fully understood, a low-fiber diet is considered a significant risk factor, as it can lead to harder stools and increased straining during bowel movements. Other potential contributing factors include obesity, lack of physical activity, and smoking.

In most cases, diverticulosis does not cause any symptoms and is often discovered incidentally during procedures for other medical conditions. However, some individuals may experience mild abdominal discomfort, bloating, or changes in bowel habits. The main concern with diverticulosis is the potential for complications. The most common complication is diverticulitis, an inflammation or infection of the diverticula. This can cause abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Other potential complications include bleeding from the diverticula, perforation of the colon, and the formation of abscesses or fistulas.

Diagnosis of diverticulosis is usually made through imaging tests such as a colonoscopy or CT scan. Treatment for asymptomatic diverticulosis typically involves dietary modifications, such as increasing fiber intake and encouraging adequate hydration, to help prevent constipation and reduce pressure in the colon. For individuals experiencing symptoms or who have developed diverticulitis, treatment may include antibiotics, dietary rest, and in severe or recurrent cases, surgery to remove the affected portion of the colon.