Dispergerat

Dispergerat is a generic term used in German-speaking technical literature to denote a device designed to disperse solid particles in liquids or to emulsify immiscible phases, producing stable suspensions or emulsions. The term covers a range of technologies collectively known as dispersers or dispersing equipment.

Principle and types: The core concept is to apply mechanical energy to overcome interfacial tension and break apart agglomerates. Common designs include high-shear rotor-stator dispersers, colloid mills, toothed or disc-type dispersers, and ultrasonic or high-pressure modules. The choice depends on viscosity, particle size, and desired dispersion quality.

Applications: Used in paints, coatings, inks, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foods, and plastics industry.

Construction and operation: Typically consists of a motor, drive shaft, and a dispersing head containing rotating elements and a stationary stator; materials such as stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant alloys are used. Operation involves selecting power input, rotation speed, and dispersion head geometry to achieve target particle size and homogeneity.

Performance considerations: In viscous or heat-sensitive systems, dispersion is limited by viscosity, solids loading, and temperature rise. Important metrics include particle size distribution, degree of deagglomeration, and stability. Energy efficiency and cleanability (for sanitary applications) are practical concerns.

Terminology: In German, Dispergerat may be used interchangeably with Dispergiergerät or Dispergiermaschine, though usage varies. In English, related terms include disperser, rotor-stator disperser, colloid mill, homogenizer, or high-shear mixer.

See also: Colloid mill; rotor-stator mixer; high-shear mixer.