Diabáz

Diabáz is a dark-colored, fine-grained igneous rock. It is a mafic intrusive rock, meaning it formed from the cooling of molten magma deep within the Earth's crust and is rich in magnesium and iron. Diabáz is typically composed of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. Olivine may also be present. Its texture is usually ophitic or subophitic, where lath-shaped plagioclase crystals are partially or completely enclosed by pyroxene crystals.

The color of diabáz ranges from dark gray to black, depending on the specific mineral composition and grain size. It is a common rock found in dikes, sills, and shallow intrusions. Diabáz is often found in association with basalt, which is its extrusive equivalent. The minerals in diabáz are generally stable and resistant to weathering, making it a durable rock.

Historically, diabáz has been used as a building material, particularly for durable structures, paving stones, and monuments, due to its strength and resistance to erosion. It is a significant rock type in many geological formations worldwide, providing insights into the volcanic and magmatic processes of the Earth's crust. Its presence can indicate periods of volcanic activity and crustal extension.