Deoksikoolihappo

Deoksikoolihappo, also known as deoxycholic acid, is a secondary bile acid. Bile acids are produced in the liver from cholesterol and are essential for the digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. Deoxycholic acid is formed in the intestine by the action of bacteria on primary bile acids. It is a steroid acid and is found naturally in the human body.

In its natural role, deoxycholic acid is a component of bile, contributing to emulsification of dietary fats, making them more accessible to digestive enzymes. It also plays a role in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.

Beyond its physiological function, deoxycholic acid has found applications in medicine. It is used as an active ingredient in injectable formulations designed for the reduction of localized subcutaneous fat, commonly referred to as double chins. The mechanism of action involves the disruption and destruction of adipocytes (fat cells) through a process of cytolysis. When injected into adipose tissue, deoxycholic acid causes the cell membranes of fat cells to break down, releasing their contents. The body then clears these released fats through its natural metabolic processes. This therapeutic use has led to its approval by regulatory agencies for specific aesthetic indications. Research continues into other potential medical uses of deoxycholic acid.