Demulcent

A demulcent is a substance that forms a soothing, protective film over mucous membranes, helping to alleviate irritation in areas such as the mouth, throat, and stomach. By increasing the viscosity of secretions, demulcents coat the mucosa and create a barrier against irritants like dry air, acids, or abrasion. They are used to relieve soreness and may provide comfort during illness or recovery.

Common demulcents include plant-derived mucilages from slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) and marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis), as well as psyllium (Plantago species) and acacia gum. Honey and glycerin are frequently used as demulcents in cough syrups and lozenges. Some demulcents are formulated as gels, pastes, or oral rinses to coat the oral or pharyngeal mucosa; others are taken orally to coat the stomach. They are typically available without a prescription and used for temporary relief of irritation.

Etymology: demulcent derives from Latin demulcere, to soothe or wipe away.

Safety: Demulcents are generally well tolerated. Their sugar content or honey component can affect dental health and, in diabetes or calorie-restricted diets, may require caution. Some plant-based demulcents can cause allergic reactions. In some cases, large amounts may slow the absorption of other medications, so it is prudent to use as directed and consult a clinician if symptoms persist or worsen.