Cyc8

Cyc8, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8), is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly in the G2/M phase transition. It is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, which includes other proteins like CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4. CDK8 is encoded by the CCNB2 gene in humans.

CDK8 forms a complex with cyclin B1, a protein that binds to CDK8 and activates it. This complex, known as the maturation-promoting factor (MPF), is essential for the progression of cells from the G2 phase to the M phase of the cell cycle. During the M phase, CDK8/cyclin B1 complex phosphorylates various substrates, including histone H1, which is necessary for chromosome condensation and segregation.

Mutations in the CCNB2 gene have been associated with various diseases, including cancer. Overexpression of CDK8 has been observed in several types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and lung cancer. This overexpression can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and contribute to tumor growth and progression. Additionally, CDK8 has been implicated in other diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular diseases.

In summary, CDK8 is a key regulator of the cell cycle, playing a vital role in the G2/M phase transition. Its dysregulation has been linked to various diseases, including cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which CDK8 contributes to these diseases and to develop targeted therapies for their treatment.