Cryonymy

Cryonymy refers to the practice of preserving biological material at very low temperatures, typically using liquid nitrogen, for future use. This technique is commonly applied to sperm, eggs, and embryos in fertility treatments, a process known as cryopreservation. Beyond reproductive medicine, cryonymy is also utilized in the preservation of other biological samples such as tissues, cells, and even whole organisms. The primary goal is to halt biological activity and prevent degradation, allowing for indefinite storage and potential revival at a later time.

The process involves carefully cooling the biological material to extremely low temperatures, usually around -196 degrees Celsius. This rapid cooling prevents the formation of ice crystals, which can damage cells. Cryoprotectants, special chemicals, are often added to the samples to further protect them from damage during the freezing and thawing process. When the samples are needed, they are slowly warmed, and their viability is assessed. Cryonymy has revolutionized fields such as assisted reproduction, allowing individuals to preserve their fertility, and has applications in research for preserving cell lines and genetic material. It also plays a role in conservation efforts for endangered species.