CrO2Cl2

Chromyl chloride, with the chemical formula CrO2Cl2, is an inorganic compound. It is a volatile liquid and is a reddish-brown substance. The compound is characterized by its strong oxidizing properties. It is prepared through the reaction of chromium trioxide with hydrochloric acid, although other methods exist.

Chromyl chloride is a tetrahedral molecule, similar in structure to sulfate and chromate ions. The central chromium atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms and two chlorine atoms. The compound is highly reactive and can react vigorously with organic substances, often leading to ignition. It is also sensitive to moisture and will decompose upon contact with water.

Due to its reactivity and toxicity, chromyl chloride is handled with extreme caution. Its use is primarily limited to laboratory settings for specific chemical reactions, such as the Étard reaction, which is used to oxidize methyl groups on aromatic compounds to aldehydes. Direct handling should be avoided, and appropriate safety measures, including ventilation and protective gear, are essential when working with this compound.