Coulometrische

Coulometrische is a German term referring to coulometric methods in analytical chemistry. Coulometry is an electrochemical technique where the amount of substance is determined by measuring the quantity of electricity required to cause a complete chemical transformation. This quantity of electricity is measured in coulombs. Essentially, it involves electrochemically oxidizing or reducing a substance of interest to completion and then calculating the amount of that substance based on Faraday's laws of electrolysis.

There are two main types of coulometric analysis: potentiostatic coulometry and galvanostatic coulometry. In potentiostatic coulometry, the potential of the working electrode is held constant, ensuring that only the target analyte is electrolyzed. In galvanostatic coulometry, the current is kept constant, and the time required for the electrolysis is measured. Both methods offer high accuracy and precision, as they are absolute methods that do not require calibration against a known standard. Coulometric techniques are widely used for determining trace amounts of various substances in diverse matrices, including environmental samples, pharmaceuticals, and biological fluids. Applications include the determination of water content (Karl Fischer titration), halogen content, and metal ions.