Contusus

Contusus is a Latin term meaning bruised or wounded. In a medical context, it refers to an injury characterized by the breaking of small blood vessels in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, or muscle. This typically results from blunt force trauma, such as a blow or fall, without a break in the skin. The appearance of a contusion is often a discoloration of the skin, commonly known as a bruise, which changes color over time as the body heals.

The severity of a contusion can vary significantly. Minor contusions may cause slight pain and a small area of discoloration. More severe contusions can involve significant swelling, intense pain, and a larger area of bruising. In some cases, a contusion can lead to the formation of a hematoma, which is a collection of blood outside of blood vessels. These are often palpable as a lump under the skin.

Diagnosis of a contusion is usually made based on the mechanism of injury and the physical examination. Treatment is generally supportive and aims to reduce pain and swelling. This often includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Pain relievers may be recommended. Most contusions heal without complication within a few weeks. However, persistent or severe pain, inability to move a limb, or signs of infection should prompt medical evaluation.