Conjectured

Conjectured is the past tense form of conjecture, and it can also function as an adjective. As a verb, conjectured means to form or propose an opinion, explanation, or hypothesis about something, often based on incomplete information. As an adjective, it describes something that is hypothesized or supposed, not yet proven or established beyond doubt.

In mathematical and scientific writing, a conjecture is a proposition that appears plausible but has not been proven. A statement labeled as conjectured is put forward for consideration and testing, with the expectation that rigorous methods will either yield a proof or a counterexample. Notable historical examples include Fermat’s conjecture about the area of right triangles, proposed by Pierre de Fermat in 1637 and proven centuries later by Andrew Wiles in 1994 for a special case; many conjectures guide ongoing research in various fields.

Etymologically, conjecture derives from Latin coniectura, via Old French and Middle English, with roots in con- “together” and iacere “to throw.” The term has become a general term in discourse beyond mathematics to indicate a reasoned guess or tentative explanation.

Conjectured statements are distinguished from proofs, theorems, and axioms. They function as hypotheses that direct inquiry, inviting verification, refinement, or refutation. In practice, a conjecture may stimulate the search for patterns, models, or deeper underlying principles across disciplines such as mathematics, philosophy, and the sciences.