Chlorodiphenylarsine

Chlorodiphenylarsine, also known as diphenylchloroarsine, is an organoarsenic compound with the chemical formula (C6H5)2AsCl. It is a colorless liquid or solid with a garlic-like odor. This compound is primarily known for its use as a chemical warfare agent, specifically a vomiting agent. It belongs to the class of diphenylarsines and is characterized by the presence of two phenyl groups and a chlorine atom attached to an arsenic atom.

Chlorodiphenylarsine was developed and weaponized by Germany during World War I. Its effects on humans are severe and debilitating. Upon exposure, it causes intense irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs, leading to coughing, sneezing, and nausea. Vomiting is a prominent symptom, hence its classification as a vomiting agent. It can also cause skin irritation and blistering. While not considered highly lethal in small concentrations, prolonged or high-dose exposure can lead to more serious respiratory issues and potential long-term health consequences.

Due to its toxicity and harmful properties, chlorodiphenylarsine is now banned under international treaties, such as the Chemical Weapons Convention. Its production, stockpiling, and use are prohibited worldwide. While historical use exists, it is no longer actively manufactured or deployed as a weapon. Research into its properties and historical context continues for understanding past events and reinforcing disarmament efforts.