Chemosis

Chemosis is a medical term referring to swelling of the conjunctiva, the thin transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. This swelling is caused by the accumulation of fluid in the stromal layer of the conjunctiva. The appearance can range from mild puffiness to significant bulging, where the conjunctiva may even protrude beyond the eyelids. Chemosis is typically not painful but can cause a feeling of fullness, irritation, or a foreign body sensation in the eye. It can also lead to blurred vision if the swelling is severe enough to interfere with the cornea. Common causes of chemosis include allergic reactions, such as hay fever or reactions to eye drops or contact lens solutions. Infections, like conjunctivitis (pink eye), can also lead to chemosis, as can eye injuries, surgical procedures on the eye, or inflammatory conditions. Less commonly, it can be a sign of more serious systemic conditions. Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination of the eye. Treatment depends entirely on the underlying cause, and may involve antihistamines for allergies, antibiotics for infections, or other specific therapies to address the root issue.