Chellahs

Chellahs are a type of fortified village found in Morocco, particularly in the southern regions. These settlements are characterized by their thick, earthen walls, which historically served as a defense against invaders and rival tribes. The word "chella" itself is thought to derive from an Amazigh word for a fortified place.

The architecture of a chellah typically includes a central residential area, often surrounding a courtyard, and may contain communal facilities such as granaries and mosques. The walls are constructed using rammed earth, a technique that has been employed for centuries in arid and semi-arid climates. These structures are designed to be both defensive and to provide shelter from the elements.

Chellahs are not only defensive structures but also serve as important centers of community life and agricultural activity. The agricultural lands surrounding the chellah were often cultivated by the inhabitants, with the fortified walls offering protection for both people and their crops. Many chellahs have historical and archaeological significance, offering insights into the social organization and building traditions of past Moroccan societies. Today, some chellahs have been restored and are important tourist attractions, showcasing traditional Moroccan architecture and way of life.