Characids

Characids refer to a diverse family of freshwater fish, Characidae, belonging to the order Characiformes. This family is one of the largest in the world, encompassing over 1000 species found primarily in freshwater habitats of South and Central America, with a few species extending into Africa. Characids are characterized by a small, adipose fin located behind the dorsal fin, a feature shared with their relatives, the piranhas and tetras, many of which are also classified within the broader characid group.

The body shape of characids varies greatly, from slender and elongated to deep-bodied. Their coloration can range from drab to brilliantly colored, with many species exhibiting striking patterns or iridescence. Diet also varies widely among characids, with some being herbivorous, others omnivorous, and some carnivorous, feeding on insects, smaller fish, or invertebrates. This adaptability has allowed them to colonize a wide array of ecological niches within their native ranges.

Many characid species are popular in the aquarium trade due to their attractive appearance and often peaceful temperament, although some species, like certain tetras, can be quite active and require specific tank conditions. Their reproductive strategies are also diverse, with some species laying eggs that are guarded by parents, while others are broadcast spawners. The family Characidae represents a significant component of Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna, playing important roles in their ecosystems.