Cesium134

Cesium-134 (Cs-134) is a radioactive isotope of the alkali metal cesium with a mass number of 134. It is produced primarily as a fission product in nuclear reactors from uranium-235 and plutonium-239 and can also arise from nuclear weapons tests. Cs-134 has a half-life of about 2.065 years and decays via beta decay to barium-134, emitting gamma radiation in the process. Its gamma emissions make it detectable by standard radiological monitoring instruments.

In the environment, Cs-134 appears as a transient contaminant following nuclear reactor accidents or atmospheric releases. Because its half-life is relatively short compared with cesium-137, Cs-134 levels decline more rapidly over time, though detectable amounts can persist for several years after an event. It has been observed in fallout from major incidents and is used in environmental tracing to help assess exposure duration and source attribution.

Chemically, cesium behaves similarly to other alkali metals, forming highly soluble ionic species in water. The radiological hazard from Cs-134 arises mainly from its gamma radiation, which can contribute external and internal dose through ingestion or inhalation. Protective measures include monitoring air and water for contamination, restricting access to affected materials, and applying appropriate time, distance, and shielding strategies to reduce exposure in affected areas.

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