Ceratophylla

Ceratophylla is a genus of extinct cartilaginous fishes belonging to the order Hybodontiformes. These prehistoric sharks are known from the Late Triassic period, with fossil evidence primarily found in Europe. The name "Ceratophylla" itself suggests a connection to horns or protrusions, reflecting distinctive features observed in their fossilized remains.

Fossil discoveries of Ceratophylla typically include isolated teeth and, less commonly, fin spines. The teeth are often described as having a broad, flattened crown with a prominent central cusp. This morphology suggests a diet likely consisting of hard-shelled invertebrates such as mollusks and crustaceans, which they would have crushed with their powerful jaws. The fin spines, when found, are also characteristic of hybodonts, often showing a ridged surface and a curvature.

The geological context of Ceratophylla fossils places them within environments that were likely shallow marine or estuarine. Their presence indicates a part of the marine ecosystem during a pivotal time in Earth's history, the Late Triassic, which preceded the diversification of many modern fish groups. The study of Ceratophylla contributes to our understanding of the evolution and paleobiogeography of early sharks and the broader fish fauna of the Mesozoic Era. Although not as widely known as some other prehistoric marine reptiles, Ceratophylla provides valuable insights into the diversity of life in ancient oceans.