Centriolepár

Centriolepár, also known as centriole duplication or centriole pairing, refers to the process by which centrioles, cylindrical organelles found in animal cells, replicate during the cell cycle. Centrioles play a critical role in organizing microtubules and forming the spindle apparatus during cell division, ensuring proper chromosome segregation.

In eukaryotic cells, centrioles are typically found in pairs known as centrosomes, which act as the main microtubule-organizing centers. The duplication of centrioles is tightly regulated to maintain genomic stability and prevent errors in cell division. This process begins in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and continues through the S phase, culminating in the formation of two centriole pairs by the time the cell enters mitosis.

The exact mechanism of centriole duplication involves several key steps. Initially, a mother centriole recruits proteins that initiate the formation of a proximal appendage, which serves as a scaffold for the new daughter centriole. This structure, known as the procentriole, elongates and matures into a fully formed centriole by the end of the S phase. The process is highly conserved across many animal species, though variations exist in plant cells, which often lack centrioles and instead rely on other microtubule-organizing structures.

Disruptions in centriole duplication can lead to abnormalities in cell division, contributing to conditions such as cancer or developmental disorders. Research into centriole biology continues to uncover the molecular pathways involved, offering insights into cellular regulation and potential therapeutic targets for diseases associated with centriole dysfunction.