Cefamandole

Cefamandole is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the second-generation cephalosporin class. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Cefamandole is effective against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including many strains resistant to older antibiotics like penicillin. It functions by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial lysis and death.

Medically, cefamandole is used to treat various infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and intra-abdominal infections. It is also employed prophylactically before certain surgical procedures to prevent post-operative infections. Its spectrum of activity includes many common pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus (excluding methicillin-resistant strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus influenzae.

However, cefamandole has potential side effects and contraindications. Common adverse reactions can include gastrointestinal upset, rash, and injection site pain. A notable side effect is hypoprothrombinemia, which can increase the risk of bleeding, particularly in patients with impaired kidney function or those taking anticoagulant medications. This is due to cefamandole's ability to interfere with vitamin K metabolism. It is generally not recommended for individuals with a known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillin. Due to its potential for adverse effects, its use has declined in favor of newer generation cephalosporins with improved safety profiles and broader spectrums of activity.