Catenative

Catenative is a term in linguistics for verbs that license non-finite complements, allowing a chain of verbs in which one verb selects another verb form. This creates catenative constructions in which the action of the matrix verb is linked to a subsequent verb form rather than a fully finite clause.

Non-finite complements typically come in three forms: the to-infinitive (to go), the bare infinitive (go), and the -ing form (going). The particular form available after a catenative verb is determined by the matrix verb and can influence meaning or aspect. Common catenative verbs include begin, continue, plan, decide, try, manage, offer, avoid, enjoy, and feel, among others.

Catenative constructions can be chained, producing sequences such as decide to go, try to persuade him to come, or start to study and then continue studying. The form of each following verb is often constrained by the governing catenive verb, and some chains allow alternation between infinitival and -ing forms. The subject of the non-finite clause is typically controlled by the matrix subject in English (subject-control), though some verbs and constructions involve different control relations or object-control.

Cross-linguistically, catenative constructions are common in languages with rich non-finite verb systems, though the exact set of allowed forms and the rules for chaining vary. In linguistic descriptions, catenative verbs are analyzed as a subclass of predicates that select non-finite complements and participate in larger non-finite clause structures known as catenative sequences.