Cardiopteridaceae

Cardiopteridaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Aquifoliales. The family contains only one genus, Cardiopteris, and a few species. These plants are native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. They are typically lianas or shrubs. The leaves are simple and alternate, and the flowers are small and inconspicuous, often borne in panicles. The fruit is a drupe. Members of this family are sometimes cultivated for their ornamental value, particularly their attractive foliage.

The classification of Cardiopteridaceae has been a subject of debate among botanists. Historically, they have been placed in various families, including Icacinaceae and Celastraceae. However, modern phylogenetic studies, based on molecular data, have consistently placed them within the Aquifoliales, alongside families like Aquifoliaceae (holly family). This placement reflects a shared evolutionary history and genetic relationships. The family is characterized by its distinct floral morphology and fruit type, which help in its identification. Research continues to explore the evolutionary relationships and ecological roles of Cardiopteridaceae within their native habitats.