Capillarysekveneerimisel

Capillarysekveneerimisel refers to the process of DNA sequencing using capillary electrophoresis. This method, often referred to as Sanger sequencing, is a cornerstone of molecular biology and was pioneered by Frederick Sanger. In this technique, DNA fragments are amplified and then labeled with fluorescent dyes. These labeled fragments are then separated based on their size as they pass through a thin capillary tube filled with a polymer matrix. As each fragment passes a detector, its terminal base is identified by the color of the fluorescent dye attached to it. A laser excites the dyes, and the emitted fluorescence is captured by a sensor. This data is then translated into a sequence of DNA bases, represented as a chromatogram. While next-generation sequencing technologies have become dominant for large-scale projects, capillary sequencing remains valuable for smaller-scale sequencing, validation of results, and the analysis of specific genetic variations due to its accuracy and reliability. It has played a crucial role in numerous genetic research endeavors, including the Human Genome Project. The principle relies on the controlled termination of DNA synthesis at specific nucleotides, leading to fragments of varying lengths that can be resolved and detected.