Sanger

Sanger is a surname of English origin. The most prominent bearer is Frederick Sanger (1918–2013), a British biochemist who became one of the few individuals to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice. His work on protein sequencing and DNA sequencing helped lay the foundations of modern genomics.

Sanger sequencing is a method for determining the order of nucleotides in DNA that was developed by Frederick Sanger and his colleagues. It relies on chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides to produce DNA fragments of varying lengths, which are separated by electrophoresis to read the sequence. For several decades it was the standard approach to DNA sequencing and established key techniques that underpinned the early era of genome analysis, before being largely supplanted by high-throughput methods in the 2000s.

The Wellcome Sanger Institute, originally known as the Sanger Centre, is a major genome research institute near Cambridge, England. Named in honor of Frederick Sanger, it has played a leading role in large-scale sequencing projects, including the Human Genome Project and subsequent genome initiatives.

Sanger also refers to places, such as Sanger, Texas, a city in Denton County, United States.

In addition to these uses, the nameSanger appears in other biographical and institutional contexts, typically connected to Frederick Sanger or to genetics and sequencing research.