Campeche

Campeche is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico, located on the western part of the Yucatán Peninsula along the Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered by Yucatán to the northwest, Quintana Roo to the east, Tabasco to the south, and the Gulf of Mexico to the north. The state’s capital and largest city is San Francisco de Campeche, a well-preserved colonial port on the Gulf coast.

Historically, the region was inhabited by Maya communities before Spanish contact. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Campeche grew as a port and was heavily fortified to defend against piracy. The Historic Centre of Campeche, together with its waterfront fortifications, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (inscribed in 1999).

Geography includes tropical lowlands, mangroves, and a long coastline. The climate is tropical with a distinct wet season and warm temperatures year round.

Economy is diversified: offshore petroleum production in the Campeche Sound is a major activity, complemented by fishing, agriculture, and growing tourism tied to the colonial heritage and nearby ruins.

Demographics and culture: Spanish is predominant; Maya communities are present in rural areas. Local cuisine reflects the broader Yucatán tradition, with dishes such as cochinita pibil, sopa de lima, and pan de cazón. The state preserves crafts, music, and traditions from its colonial and Maya heritage.