Caliciaceae

Caliciaceae is a family of fungi belonging to the order Caliciales. These fungi are characterized by their unique ascocarps, which are called calicioid apothecia. These structures are typically small, stalked, and powdery in appearance, often containing dark, dust-like spores. The asci, which contain the spores, are usually bitunicate and embedded within a cup-shaped excipule.

The family Caliciaceae is found worldwide, often growing on bark, wood, soil, or rocks. Many species are associated with lichens, growing as parasites or inquilines on lichen thalli, though some are lichenized themselves. Their distribution is often influenced by environmental conditions, with many species preferring humid or temperate climates.

Taxonomic classification within Caliciaceae is based on morphological features of the ascocarp, asci, and spores, as well as more recently, molecular data. Despite their small size, Caliciaceae members play roles in decomposition and nutrient cycling within their ecosystems. The study of this family is important for understanding fungal diversity and the complex interactions within their habitats.