Ca2ioneina

Ca2ioneina, also known as calcium-binding protein 2, is a protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, particularly in muscle contraction and relaxation. It is a member of the S100 protein family, which includes other calcium-binding proteins such as S100A1 and S100B. Ca2ioneina is primarily expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues, where it functions as a calcium sensor.

The protein consists of two EF-hand motifs, which are structural domains responsible for calcium binding. These motifs allow Ca2ioneina to bind two calcium ions with high affinity. The binding of calcium to Ca2ioneina triggers conformational changes in the protein, which in turn regulate the activity of other proteins involved in muscle contraction, such as troponin C and myosin light chain kinase.

Ca2ioneina has been studied for its potential role in various diseases, including muscle disorders and cardiovascular diseases. For example, mutations in the Ca2ioneina gene have been linked to certain forms of muscular dystrophy. Additionally, altered expression or function of Ca2ioneina has been observed in heart failure and other cardiovascular conditions.

Research on Ca2ioneina continues to explore its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications. Understanding the role of Ca2ioneina in muscle and heart function may lead to the development of new treatments for related diseases.