CH3CH2CH2CN

CH3CH2CH2CN, commonly known as butyronitrile or butyl cyanide, is an organic compound belonging to the nitrile class. Its chemical formula is C4H7N, and it consists of a straight-chain four-carbon alkyl group (butyl) attached to a cyano group (-CN). This structure classifies it as a primary nitrile.

Butyronitrile is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic bitter almond odor, similar to other nitriles. It is relatively volatile and exhibits moderate solubility in water but is more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether.

In industrial applications, butyronitrile is used primarily as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. It can serve as a precursor for the production of butyric acid and other derivatives through various chemical reactions. Additionally, it is utilized in research laboratories for the investigation of nitrile chemistry and as a solvent in specific analytical procedures.

Handling butyronitrile requires caution due to its toxicity and potential health hazards associated with nitriles. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon exposure. Proper safety measures, including the use of gloves, goggles, and adequate ventilation, are essential when working with this chemical.

Commercially, butyronitrile is produced through processes such as the reaction of butyraldehyde with ammonia or via the dehydration of butan-1-amine. It can also be obtained as a byproduct in the synthesis of other nitrile compounds.

In summary, CH3CH2CH2CN (butyronitrile) is a significant nitrile compound with applications in chemical synthesis and research, characterized by its colorless liquid form and distinct odor.