CH3CH2CH2CH2CN

CH3CH2CH2CH2CN is the chemical formula for a compound known as pentyl cyanide or butyronitrile with a terminal nitrile group. It is an organic nitrile characterized by a five-carbon linear chain attached to a cyano group (–CN) at one end. This molecule belongs to the class of nitriles, which are organic compounds containing a carbon-nitrogen triple bond.

In terms of structure, CH3CH2CH2CH2CN consists of a straight chain of four methylene groups (–CH2–) linked to a nitrile functional group. The nitrile group imparts unique chemical reactivity, making the compound useful in various chemical syntheses, especially in the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The molecule is relatively non-polar, with physical properties such as a boiling point around 142°C and a melting point near -55°C, depending on purity.

Pentyl cyanide can be synthesized via the dehydration of pentanediamine derivatives or through the nucleophilic substitution of a suitable precursor with cyanide ions. It is also naturally present in some biological systems and is studied for its potential roles in chemical signaling or as an intermediate in metabolic pathways.

Handling and safety considerations are important when working with CH3CH2CH2CH2CN, as nitriles can be toxic and may cause health hazards upon inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Proper laboratory safety protocols, including ventilation and protective equipment, are essential.

Overall, CH3CH2CH2CH2CN is a key intermediate in organic chemistry with applications spanning synthetic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and material science.