CH2BrCOOH

CH2BrCOOH, commonly known as bromoacetic acid, is an organic compound belonging to the class of haloacetic acids. It consists of a bromine atom (Br) attached to a carbon atom, which is also bonded to a carboxyl group (COOH) and two hydrogen atoms (H). The chemical has the molecular formula C2H3BrO2 and is characterized by its acidic properties due to the presence of the carboxyl functional group.

Bromoacetic acid is a colorless crystalline solid at room temperature with a melting point of approximately 50–52 °C. It is soluble in water and many organic solvents, including ethanol and ether. The compound is highly reactive, particularly due to the electrophilic nature of the bromine atom, which can participate in various substitution and elimination reactions.

In the laboratory, bromoacetic acid is typically synthesized through the bromination of acetic acid using bromine in the presence of a catalyst such as phosphorus. It serves as an important intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. For example, it can be used to introduce bromine substituents into organic molecules, facilitating further functionalization.

Due to its reactivity, bromoacetic acid must be handled with care, as it can be corrosive and may pose health risks upon inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when working with the compound. Its toxicity and potential environmental impact also necessitate careful disposal according to regulatory guidelines.

Bromoacetic acid has been studied for its applications in biochemistry, including as a reagent in protein modification studies. However, its use is often limited by its reactivity and potential side effects. Research continues to explore safer alternatives and optimized synthetic routes for its production and utilization.