C8H5N

C8H5N is the molecular formula for several chemical compounds, most notably benzonitrile and its isomers. Benzonitrile is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CN. It is a colorless liquid with a distinctive almond-like odor. Benzonitrile is the simplest aromatic nitrile. It is an important intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and dyes. It can be produced industrially by the ammoxidation of toluene. In terms of chemical properties, benzonitrile is a polar molecule and exhibits reactions typical of both aromatic rings and nitrile groups. The nitrile group (-CN) can be hydrolyzed to benzoic acid or reduced to benzylamine.

Other isomers with the formula C8H5N exist, but benzonitrile is the most common and widely studied. For example, there are various substituted benzonitriles where different functional groups are attached to the benzene ring. The specific arrangement of atoms in these isomers dictates their physical and chemical properties. The formula C8H5N indicates a molecule containing eight carbon atoms, five hydrogen atoms, and one nitrogen atom. The degree of unsaturation for this formula can be calculated as follows: Degrees of Unsaturation = (2C + 2 + N - H) / 2 = (2*8 + 2 + 1 - 5) / 2 = (16 + 2 + 1 - 5) / 2 = 14 / 2 = 7. This high degree of unsaturation suggests the presence of multiple rings and/or double/triple bonds within the molecule, as is characteristic of aromatic systems and nitrile functionalities.