C15H24

C15H24 is the molecular formula for a family of hydrocarbons with 15 carbon atoms and 24 hydrogen atoms. The formula corresponds to four degrees of unsaturation, which can arise from rings and double bonds. As such, C15H24 encompasses a large number of possible isomers, including acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic sesquiterpenes. The term is most often associated with natural products known as sesquiterpenes, a class of terpenes built from three isoprene units. A variety of structures with this formula are found in essential oils and plant resins, contributing to fragrance and flavor.

Common examples of C15H24 sesquiterpenes include β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, valencene, and germacrene D. These compounds occur in a range of plants such as cloves, pepper, hops, and citrus, and some are also found as constituents of cannabis essential oils. The same molecular formula thus represents many distinct isomers with different three-dimensional shapes and physical properties.

Physically, C15H24 hydrocarbons are nonpolar and are typically insoluble in water, with solubility in organic solvents. They are generally volatile liquids or low-melting-point solids, depending on structure. Because of their structural diversity, C15H24 compounds are studied in fields ranging from natural products chemistry and fragrance science to pharmacology, where some members show biological activity.