C12H11N

C12H11N is a molecular formula representing a set of organic compounds that contain 12 carbon atoms, 11 hydrogen atoms, and one nitrogen atom. It does not specify a single structure; several constitutional isomers and stereoisomers can share this formula.

Notable families with this formula include diarylamines and aminobiphenyls. Diphenylamine, in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to two phenyl rings, has the formula C12H11N. Other isomers include o-aminobiphenyl, m-aminobiphenyl, and p-aminobiphenyl. The acenaphthylamine class, arising from substitution on the acenaphthene framework, is another example. Although these compounds share the same molecular formula, they differ in connectivity and properties.

The molecular weight of C12H11N is approximately 169.2 g/mol. The degree of unsaturation for this formula is eight, indicating multiple rings and double bonds typical of aromatic systems.

Because C12H11N encompasses multiple structures, the physical properties—such as boiling and melting points, solubility, and spectroscopic signatures—vary widely between isomers. Determining the exact structure of a specific sample requires structural characterization using techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry, sometimes complemented by X-ray crystallography.

Applications for compounds with this formula include roles as intermediates in the synthesis of dyes, polymers, and pharmaceuticals. Aminobiphenyls, in particular, have historically been used as dye precursors and in organic electronic materials.

Safety: Aromatic amines can be toxic or carcinogenic; appropriate handling, containment, and disposal procedures are recommended.