C10C20

C10C20 is a designation used in the petrochemical and materials industries to describe a hydrocarbon fraction comprising aliphatic compounds with a carbon skeleton containing roughly 10 to 20 carbon atoms. The term is often used to specify feedstock, solvent grades, or lubricant basestocks in which the majority of molecules fall within the C10–C20 range.

Composition and structure: The C10–C20 fraction includes linear (n-paraffins) and branched alkanes, cycloalkanes, and can contain small amounts of olefins or aromatics depending on processing history. Typical members range from decane (C10) to eicosane (C20). In refined products, this fraction is present as part of distillate cuts such as light cycle oil or heavier naphtha, and in synthetic hydrocarbons produced by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis or hydroprocessing routes.

Production and processing: These hydrocarbons are obtained through petroleum distillation, catalytic reforming, hydrocracking, or synthesis routes, and are further separated by fractional distillation, solvent extraction, or adsorption to produce defined grade streams. The exact composition varies with refining practices and the source crude.

Applications: C10C20 fractions serve as solvents in coatings, adhesives, and cleaners; as components of hydraulic fluids or lubricants; and as chemical feedstocks for alkylation, esterification, or polymerization. The suitability for a given application depends on boiling range, sulfur content, aromatic content, viscosity, and compatibility with other formulation ingredients.

Safety and environmental considerations: They are typically flammable liquids with relatively low flash points. Exposure can cause irritation; standard occupational safety measures apply. Environmental concerns include emissions of volatile organic compounds and potential aquatic toxicity; spills should be contained and cleaned promptly.

See also: C9–C11, C12–C22, aliphatic hydrocarbons, solvent grade hydrocarbons.