Bráðaofnæisviðbrögð

Bráðaofnæisviðbrögð, commonly known as anaphylaxis, is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly after exposure to an allergen. This reaction involves the immune system releasing a flood of chemicals that can cause shock. Symptoms can vary greatly but often include hives, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. Other common signs include a rapid or weak pulse, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and a feeling of impending doom. Anaphylaxis can be triggered by a wide range of substances, including certain foods like peanuts and shellfish, insect stings, medications, and latex. The severity of the reaction can depend on the individual and the amount of allergen exposure. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial for survival. The primary treatment for anaphylaxis is the immediate administration of epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, which helps to reverse the symptoms. Individuals with a history of anaphylaxis are often prescribed an epinephrine auto-injector for emergency use. It is important for those at risk and their caregivers to be educated on recognizing the signs and symptoms and to have a plan in place for managing a severe allergic reaction.