BrunswickCalenberg

Brunswick-Calenberg, commonly referred to in historical sources as the Calenberg territory of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was a historic subdivision within the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the northern part of the Holy Roman Empire. It lay in what is now Lower Saxony, Germany, centered on the Calenberg region along the Leine River, with key settlements such as Göttingen and the Calenberg estate serving as administrative centers.

Originating from dynastic partitions of the Welf-containing Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Calenberg was governed by a cadet line of the House of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The Calenberg line and its territories, sometimes referred to as Calenberg-Göttingen, played a significant role in the internal organization of Brunswick-Lüneburg and contributed to the later political emergence of Hanover within the larger Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

During the 17th and early 18th centuries, Calenberg's governance and its strategic position near the central prince-electorate seat helped shape the territorial configuration that would culminate in the formation of the Electorate and later the Kingdom of Hanover. In the long term, the use of the name Brunswick-Calenberg declined as the territories were reorganized under the Electorate's central administration, with Hanover becoming the dominant locus of power.

Today, the historical area corresponds to parts of modern-day Lower Saxony and remains part of Germany's regional heritage. The term Brunswick-Calenberg is primarily of historical and genealogical interest, rather than a current political entity.