Bronhilõõgusteid

Bronhilõõgusteid, also known as bronchodilators, are a class of drugs used to relax the muscles that surround the airways (bronchi) in the lungs. This relaxation causes the airways to widen, making it easier to breathe. They are a cornerstone treatment for conditions that involve airway narrowing, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

These medications work through different mechanisms. Some, like short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs), provide rapid relief from bronchospasm, a sudden tightening of the airway muscles. Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) offer a more prolonged effect and are typically used for maintenance therapy. Anticholinergic bronchodilators, another type, work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes airway muscles to contract. Combination inhalers containing both a beta-agonist and an anticholinergic are also common.

Bronchodilators are most often administered via inhalation, allowing the medication to be delivered directly to the lungs. This method generally leads to fewer systemic side effects compared to oral or intravenous administration. Common side effects can include tremors, increased heart rate, and nervousness, though these are usually mild and transient. It is crucial for individuals using bronchodilators to follow their doctor's instructions regarding dosage and frequency to effectively manage their respiratory symptoms.