Briketts

Briketts are compacted blocks of fuel made by pressing fine materials such as coal dust, charcoal, peat, or other biomass into solid shapes. The aim is to improve handling, transport, and burn characteristics compared with loose bulk fuels.

Production typically involves preparing the constituent materials, blending with a binder such as pitch, starch, or natural lignin, and forming the briquettes under high pressure. The briquettes may be dried or cured to harden. Wood-based briquettes often rely on the lignin in the wood as a natural binder, while coal briquettes may use additives to improve cohesion. Sizes and shapes vary by market, with common forms including rectangular blocks and cylindrical briquettes.

There are different types of briketts used for various purposes. Coal briquettes provide steady, high-energy heat and are frequently used for heating and cooking in regions with coal-based fuels. Wood or peat briquettes burn more cleanly and are common in households seeking biomass alternatives or in settings without access to coal. Briquettes may also be used for barbecue or grill purposes, where uniform heat is advantageous.

Benefits of briquettes include higher energy density, easier handling, reduced dust and fines, and more uniform combustion compared with loose fuels. Drawbacks can include higher production costs, sensitivity to moisture, and, depending on the material, emissions and ash content. Environmental considerations emphasize sustainable sourcing and the lifecycle impact of binders and production energy.

Historically, briquetting emerged in the 19th century as a way to utilize coal fines and improve fuel efficiency; it spread across Europe and later worldwide. Today briketts are manufactured globally for domestic heating, cooking, and barbecue applications, as well as certain industrial uses.