Borihalidejä

Borihalidejä is the Finnish term for boron halides. Boron halides are a group of chemical compounds with the general formula BX3, where B represents boron and X represents a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine). These compounds are typically covalent and exhibit a trigonal planar molecular geometry.

Boron trifluoride (BF3) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. It is a Lewis acid and is widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, such as in Friedel-Crafts alkylations and acylations. Boron trichloride (BCl3) is also a colorless gas and a strong Lewis acid. It is used in the production of boron compounds and in semiconductor manufacturing for etching processes. Boron tribromide (BBr3) is a fuming liquid that is highly reactive with water and is used as a brominating agent and for dealkylation of ethers. Boron triiodide (BI3) is a less common boron halide, existing as a volatile solid that is also a Lewis acid.

The reactivity of boron halides generally increases down the halogen group. Boron halides react vigorously with water, often undergoing hydrolysis to form boric acid and the corresponding hydrohalic acid. They are important reagents in inorganic and organic chemistry due to their Lewis acidity and ability to act as sources of boron atoms. Their properties and applications vary depending on the specific halogen involved.