Borgonha

Borgonha (Bourgogne in French; Burgundy in English) is a historic wine-producing region in eastern France. It is renowned for its climats, or distinctive vineyard sites, and for wines mainly made from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. Geographically and administratively it lies within the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, with Dijon as a major city and historic capital of the historic Burgundy.

Geographically, Borgonha stretches from the Saône river valley in the south to the Chablis area in the north, covering four departments: Côte-d'Or, Saône-et-Loire, Yonne, and Nièvre. The landscape is characterized by rolling hills, river valleys, and limestone and marl soils that define its terroirs. The climate is continental, with warm summers and cold winters, moderated by river influence in some zones.

Historically the Duchy of Burgundy was a major political and cultural center in the Middle Ages and early modern period. It became part of the French crown lands, while maintaining a distinct identity. In the 20th century it formed part of the current administrative region, and since 2016 has been within Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region's economy centers on wine production, with key subregions including Côte de Nuits and Côte de Beaune in Côte-d'Or, the Côte Chalonnaise, and the Mâconnais. Pinot Noir and Chardonnay are the principal grape varieties. Wine tourism is important, exemplified by Beaune and Hospices de Beaune. In 2015 the Climats of Burgundy were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site for their viticultural landscape.

Beyond wine, Borgonha has a rich culinary and architectural heritage, featuring medieval towns, Romanesque churches, and regional markets.