Bolivian

Bolivian is the demonym and adjective for Bolivia, a landlocked country in western-central South America. Bolivians form a multiethnic society, with substantial Indigenous communities—especially Quechua and Aymara—alongside mestizo, Afro-Bolivian, and European-descendant populations. The country encompasses diverse geographies, from the Andes and the Altiplano to the Amazon basin, including notable sites such as Salar de Uyuni and Lake Titicaca.

Bolivia's capital is Sucre (constitutional capital), while La Paz is the seat of government and executive power. Spanish is the most widely spoken language; numerous Indigenous languages, including Quechua and Aymara, have official status. Bolivia is a unitary republic with a president as head of state and government, a legislature called the Plurinational Legislative Assembly, and an independent judiciary.

The Boliviano is the currency. The economy is heavily resource-based, with significant mining and hydrocarbon industries; lithium deposits are located in the Salar de Uyuni region. Agriculture, manufacturing, and services also contribute to growth.

Bolivian culture is diverse, with traditions such as the Diablada dance and the Oruro Carnival, vibrant markets, and regional cuisines. Common foods include corn, potatoes, quinoa, beans, salteñas, and anticuchos. The country is known for its rich musical and folkloric heritage, crafts, and a strong Indigenous imprint on national life.