Biolubrikanten

Biolubrikanten is a term used to describe lubricants that are formulated from renewable biological resources or designed to be readily biodegradable and less toxic than conventional petroleum-based products. The concept encompasses bio-based base oils, such as vegetable-oil derivatives and microbial lipids, as well as synthetic esters engineered for environmental compatibility. Biolubrikanten are used where environmental performance or corporate sustainability goals are important.

Base oils come from plant oils (e.g., rapeseed, soybean, palm) or engineered lipids produced by fermentation. Additives improve oxidative stability, viscosity-temperature behavior, corrosion protection, and wear resistance. Challenges include limited high-temperature stability, oxidation, polymerization, and higher cost. Compatibility with seals and paints must be verified for each formulation.

Applications span automotive and industrial machinery, hydraulics, gear oils, and metalworking fluids. In many cases, performance is adequate for moderate loads and ambient temperatures, while full substitution may require tailored formulations. Biolubrikanten may offer faster biodegradation and lower aquatic toxicity, contributing to reduced environmental impact after spills or disposal, though life-cycle considerations are needed.

Regulation and standards vary by region. Biolubricants are typically assessed for biodegradability, ecotoxicity, and compatibility with materials. Research focuses on improving oxidation stability, extending temperature range, and reducing cost, with emphasis on sustainable feedstocks and green additives.